Ashfall, Large Mammal Survivors



Large mammals such as elk, deer, and black bear survived because the ashfall forests were not dramatically altered.

Elk (Cervus elaphus) are grazers who eat grasses and leafy plants in summer and shrubs during the winter.

Although bears are uncommon and seldom seen, they are an integral part of Northwest forests.

Black bear (Ursus americanus) are solitary animals, except for family units that include a mother and her cubs. They hibernate during the winter, and fill up on food in the summer months.

They eat just about anything, including huckleberries, ants, small mammals, fish, and grasses.



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Ashfall, Animal Survivors

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